The 3rd Expert Group Meeting was held in Fukuoka, Japan on from 30 November to 1 December 2011. The meeting focused on the area of sanitation, in particular, sewage issues. Day I covered sanitation management, administration, and operational know-how practiced by selected local governments; Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka City and Iizuka City, ranging from centrally controlled advanced systems to mixed use of septic tanks and combined tanks. On Day II, technologies and know-how developed by the private sector were introduced; such as leading toilet companies seeking for low-carbon and less water consuming toilet systems, series of sewer pipe inspection robots which enables efficient and low cost maintenance, sewerage consulting and design for rural and isolated communities such as island communities, sustainable yet powerful degradation of sewage and sludge by use of bacteria and so on. From Asia and the Pacific region, representatives from central governments, local governments and UN-HABITAT country offices made presentations on their current sanitation situations, and the issues and challenges many countries and cities face. Following the presentations, very active discussions were held among the experts on how these challenges could be addressed by utilizing the technologies and know-how introduced.